Childhood Obesity: A Growing Problem
A growing health issue in American society is the epidemic of childhood obesity. As stated by Ludwig (2007), 1 in 3 youths and adolescents can be considered overweight or obese as indicated by their body mass index with rates as high as 50% in some specific ethnic groups. With the health issues associated with childhood obesity being both numerous and serious, obesity among today’s youth is also associated with various psychosocial complications that can adversely effect quality of life. With the problems associated with childhood obesity being undeniable, questions arise regarding what are the key factors that are contributing to this diminishing health quality of today’s youth.
Although society has become infinitely more complex technologically in the past 2 decades, the formula for weight gain has remained the same: when energy in is greater than energy expended, weight gain occurs. Despite it’s simplicity, the information in this equation provides valuable clues to why the weight of children continues to increase at an alarming rate. The progression of technology has dramatically improved the speed and ease with which we can access information and communicate with other but has also dramatically decreased the amount of physical activity performed by children. Decreased physical activity reduces calorie expenditure which decreases the amount of calories that can be consumed without gaining weight. Yet, the increased access to high calorie drinks and snacks has resulted in increased caloric intake. Decreased output and increased input has resulted in the gross weight gain seen in this generation of children.
Outlining the existence of the problem is important but how we go about addressing it is even more so. Educating the community regarding the potential health issues associated with childhood obesity is an important first step in increasing awareness regarding the severity of the situation. Of even further importance is the providing of information and strategies for addressing the situation with their children. With simple but diligent steps towards monitoring your diet and increasing daily physical activity, substantial changes in the health of children and future adults can be made. For specific information regarding how to address this problem, you can visit http://www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/npao/strategies.htm.
References
Ludwig, D.S. (2007) Childhood Obesity- The Shape of Things to Come. New England Medical Journal, 357 (23), 2325-2327.
Common Ski Injury- ACL tears
Winter is almost upon us and for many people that means heading north to the Poconos or Catskills to hit the slopes. Downhill skiing has become an increasingly popular sport in our area. It is a great aerobic and anaerobic workout for the muscles of the lower extremities. Unfortunately, with most aggressive sporting activities there is a potential for injury. The most common injury for a skier is an injury to their knee. About 30-40% of all skiing injuries occur to the knee joint. The most significant knee injury that occurs is a torn anterior cruciate ligament (ACL).
The reason that this ligament often tears while on the slopes is usually due to the skier’s binding not releasing the ski from the boot in adequate time while that person is falling. This creates great torque on the knee, so much so that their ligament is not strong enough to withstand the force and ligament tearing takes place.
ACL tears usually require surgery. An ACL reconstruction is a procedure that has become more common in the sports world. The surgery takes a few hours, however, the rehab following the surgery takes months.
There is a program known as Sportsmetrics that was created years ago to prevent these types of injuries from occurring in athletes. Over the years the program has gotten great results. Jersey Physical Therapy has become a Sportsmetrics certified site with multiple individuals that have received their training certification for this program. If you would like more information on this particular program, feel free to contact us.
Common Sports Injury- The Hamstring Strain
The summer is ending…we get in our final beach sessions of the year and then it’s back to school. Many students avoid proper training in the summer months and then are thrust into rigorous practice and game schedules. Because of this sudden change in volume and intensity of exercise, numerous injuries result, some more common then others.
Fall sports such as football and soccer start at the end of August and many high school athletes find that this change in exercise routine results in sprains and strains. Hamstring strains are common in high school athletes and can be very painful, resulting in time lost on the field.
A hamstring strain is an excessive stretch or tearing of muscle fibers and related tissues. Hamstring strains can occur at one of the attachment sites or at any point along the length of the muscle. They are classified as either1st, 2nd, or 3rd degree depending on the severity.
Hamstring injuries are common problems that may result in significant loss of on-field time for many athletes because these injuries tend to heal slowly. Once injury occurs, the patient is at high risk for recurrence without proper rest and rehabilitation. Hamstring strain is a noncontact injury and usually occurs with either acute or insidious onset. Strain injuries frequently are seen in athletes who run, jump, and kick.
Hamstring injuries occur in all athletes- even professionals. Miles Austin of the Dallas Cowboys recently has been in the news for a hamstring strain that may cause him to miss as much as three weeks. Kenny Britt of the Tennessee Titans was also recovering from a right hamstring strain when he twisted on his right leg resulting in a season ending ACL-MCL injury. One must wonder if Britt’s hamstring injury had anything to do with his ACL/MCL injury.
The treatment of a hamstring strain starts with the RICE method of rest, ice, compression and elevation. Evidence has shown that a period of immobilization, (i.e. shutting down), is helpful and the length of immobilization will depend on the severity of the injury. After immobilization, the athlete should work with a PT or athletic trainer to regain strength and flexibility prior to getting back on the field. If the athlete returns too soon, he or she is at risk for re-injury.
The key to these injuries is definitely prevention. Pre-exercise stretching and adequate warm-up are important issues. When starting a season, a graded approach with gradually increasing exercise volume and intensity may also be helpful.
Jogging Tips
The warmer weather is finally here. This is the time of year when a lot of people want to get outside and start doing more outdoor exercise. The most common outdoor exercise people will try is jogging. Jogging is a great form of cardiovascular exercise. It is a good way to get your heart rate up and break a sweat. There are drawbacks to jogging, like the tension it creates on the joints of the lower body. It can also be quite a strain on the lower extremity muscles if not properly warmed up beforehand. You can easily warm up your body by performing activities such as skipping or light jumping in place. If you do this for a few minutes straight you will start to sweat a bit which indicates that the body is nice and warm. Following this light warm up you should try to do some light stretching of the entire body, especially of the leg muscles since they are primarily worked during jogging. If you are first-time jogger, then start slow. As you get more experience you can start to increase the speed and duration. After running a light cool down should be performed. You can do this by walking for a few minutes and by performing some light stretches. Good luck and enjoy.
Medicare Cap Exceptions in Place
Yesterday the US House of Representatives passed Senate Amendment to HR 4994, the Medicare and Medicaid Extenders Act of 2010, preventing the scheduled 24.9%Medicare payment cut to physical therapists and other health care providers paid under the physician fee schedule. The estimated cost of the provision is $14.9 billion over 10 years. The legislation reverses the scheduled January 1, 2011, reduction and extends the current Medicare payment rates through December 31, 2011. It also contains several Medicare extender provisions, including the extension of the therapy cap exceptions process and the 1.0 work floor of the geographical price cost index (GPCI) until December 31, 2011.
What does this mean to you, the patient? First off, the 25% cut would be sure to put many physician and physical therapy offices out of business so this increases your accessibility to care. Secondly, the therapy cap exceptions process was extended, which allows people who have chronic disabilities more therapy than the set capped amount that all Medicare beneficiaries are given.
